(12) In certain NENA dialects this new preterite off Class II verbs has a good vocalism (m)CoCiC- or (m)CuCiC- without any forerunner in the last dialects. Noldeke (1868, 213) advised that progressive means is actually associated with the fresh Hebrew pual. Examples: Aradhin mbusille ‘he cooked’ (Krotkoff 1982, 136), Tkhuma mso:re:li ‘I began’, Jilu +poltele ‘he took it out’ (Fox 1992, 54). Models which have o or you is actually missing external NENA and have in several of your own NENA dialects: Hertevin, Sanandaj Religious, and you can Halabja: Halabja bqirraxun ‘you (pl.) asked’, Hertevin bqerre ‘he asked’ (Jastrow 1988, 206).
(13) The general establish try designated of the an excellent prefix in every NENA but Hertevin plus Mandaic and also in Turoyo. Brand new prefix takes among around three models: (a) k- to the every verbs (complex to c- within the Urmi, longer in order to ko- just before consonants inside Turoyo, plus in Zakho to be g- prior to a spoken phoneme); (b) k- however, merely for the a finite category of verbs (with some voicing intake and sometimes almost every other change as well); otherwise (c) i- with the the verbs.
Examples: (a) Zakho k-xaze ‘he sees’, g-emir ‘he says’ (Meehan and you may Alon 1979, 182), Urmi csader ‘he sends’ (Hetzron 1969, 115), Turoyo kohoze ‘he sees’, Tisqopa ksaqIl ‘he takes’ (Rubba, personal communications); (b) Halabja k-ImrIx-wa ‘we carry out say’, however, doqIx-wa-le ‘we do observe it’, Azerbaijan k-xil ‘he eats, usually eat’, but sate ‘he beverages, will, can get drink’ (Garbell 1965, 66, 67); (c) Aradhin i-zare:los angeles ‘he tills it’ (Krotkoff 1982, 70), Jilu we-napli baro ‘they chase her’ (Fox 1992, 55).
This new k- prefix seems to be an endurance of the prefix qa- regarding BT, such as the common qatane ‘he teaches’. e ‘stands’. In certain east languages the fresh distribution out of k- has become simply for a tiny category of verbs (Garbell 1965, 65). In others, it has got gone away and you will become replaced of the another prefix i-, which probably began as the a lesser version of we[Theta] ‘there is’.
Examples: Halabja geznawa ta knista ‘I would go to brand new synagogue’, Aradhin tla t-sapri ‘to wait’, Jilu zIlli l-yawa zuze tla da kIcca ‘I visited provide money in order to a beneficial girl’, Tisqopa [Theta]e:li ta di-mbaslan sexsearch recenze ‘I (fem
(14) The latest verb ‘give’ is actually yehav from inside the BT, and you can yav within the Syriac. It has been remade in most NENA languages from the incorporation of your following l- ‘to’. The newest vital, which had been hav when you look at the Syriac and you can BT, is hal (Noldeke 1868, 256) in most NENA wherein I’ve pointers, although not within the Turoyo otherwise Mandaic.
(15) In most NENA, this new only 1 crucial out-of qyama ‘get up’ has shed the final m: Aradhin qu (Krotkoff 1982, 145), Sanandaj Christian qu (Panoussi, 110). Brand new plural, however, holds the fresh new yards.
(16) In all NENA, new essential away from (i)zala ‘go’ is actually irregular: Aradhin si (Krotkoff 1982, 147), Sanandaj Religious say (Panoussi 119), Jilu se, Jewish Azerbaijani quand (Garbell 1965, 285).
(17) All over NENA, various conditions are utilized because the ft to have reflexive pronouns for example ‘myself’. He’s: ruh- when you look at the Hertevin along with Turoyo, nos- regarding the three easternmost Jewish languages, and you can gyan- regarding the left dialects: Hertevin ruhan ‘ourselves’ (Jastrow 1988, 197), Zakho qtala gyane ‘beating himself’ (Meehan and Alon 1982, 181), Halabja nosan ‘ourselves’.
This qa- is itself an effective contraction from qa?
(18) Another type of preposition definition ‘to’ otherwise ‘for’ which takes the design ta, tla, or tla was prevalent, even in the event not common, when you look at the NENA, but not included in Mandaic or Turoyo. ) came to cook’ (Rubba, private interaction), Zakho cuxa los angeles psIxle darga facts ‘no you to launched the entranceway in order to him’ (Meehan and you can Alon 1979, 182).
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